Per default docker logs are stored under /var/lib/docker/containers/<container-id>/<container-id>-json.log. If the container gets deleted also the log is deleted.

As an alternative we can redirect docker logs to journald.

set per container

This can be done on a container basis:

docker run --log-driver=journald --log-opt tag="xx" <image>

set globally

Or also set globally:

sudo vi /etc/docker/daemon.json
  {
    "log-driver": "journald",
    "log-opts": {
      "tag": ""
    }
  }

# this will restart all containers
sudo systemctl restart docker

journalctl - list logs

To filter logs only from one container use:

# to see logs
journalctl SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER=<docker-container-name>